Explore the presentation of Heathcliffs Essay

Explore the presentation of Heathcliff’s journey in Wuthering Heights, in the light of the Marxist Perspective. In Wuthering Heights, Bronti show’s Marxist view’s that ‘it is not the consciousness of men that determines their existence, but their social existence that determines their consciousness’. Bront? first published her text in the form of a novel in 1847. During this time England was influenced by Marx’s ideas, socialists in England held a conference in London where they formed a new organisation called the Communist League, the aims of the organisation being to overthrow the old bourgeois society based on class antagonisms and to the establish a new society without classes and without private property. Despite England being influenced by Marx ideas at the time, Bront? created Wuthering Heights: a mix genre novel with themes such as domestic realism, tragedy and gothic love, which were very much open to critic and discussion at the time. This shows the extent to how she was much stipulated in her ideas and therefore Wuthering Heights might not have been influenced by the Marxist ideas at the time. When Heathcliff enters in chapter four with no social or domestic status, emphasised by his ‘gibberish that nobody could understand’ suggesting his lack of social skills and ability to communicate; his lingual acquisition depends on his surroundings. Miles notes how ‘rather than a dual function there is an oscillation resulting in the name never satisfactorily serving him either way’, when he enters his name ‘serves’ him as both his ‘Christian name and surname’ immediately setting him as an outsider and determining his role because he does not embody conventions of society. Victorian Society was organised such that the base of the society determines its superstructure, everything associated with culture: education, law, religion and the arts but because Heathcliff is not an Earnshaw his status means he cannot access this cultural economy and he is ultimately rejected. His name therefore presents his inability to gain access and the extent of his exclusion, as Miles notes is ‘a constant reminder of the unsatisfactory fit between himself and the codes of a society denying him incorporation’. It is his status and his social existence that therefore does determine his consciousness. Bronti creates suggested possibilities that cannot ultimately be realised; when Heathcliff first enters he is referred to as ‘landlord’, yet is not given the opportunity to become an Earnshaw. Also, as Gilbert and Gubar note: ‘smashing Catherines rival-brother’s fiddle and making a desirable third among the children in the family so as to insulate her from the pressure of her brothers domination’, this shows the possibilities that Heathcliff might have been able to integrate into the Earnshaws and therefore society in turn becoming Catherine’s chance for freedom from strict social structure, but because of the base structure of the Victorian Society he is rejected. Perhaps the ‘smashing’ quote from Gilbert and Gubar refers to the ‘three thrashings’ Heathcliff had to endure, foreshadowing the idea that the only way he can become part of Victorian Society is in a destructive way. The first reason why possibilities cannot be realised is that Heathcliff is learning his social position: Mr Earnshaw calls him ‘poor, fatherless child’, Heathcliff is constantly made to perceive himself as poor, these social circumstances determine why Heathcliff is placed into the servant quarters and therefore kept separate from social events by Hindley, who is in power after Mr Earnshaw dies. Heathcliff’s access to the superstructure of Victorian society becomes limited, and even though Heathcliff ‘bore his degradation well’ this heightens his perception of himself as someone in need of charity, making him susceptible to charity or abuse. Perhaps the possibilities might have been realised if Catherine hadn’t accessed Thrushcross Grange: a place ‘carpeted with crimson†¦ pure white ceiling bordered with gold’, suggesting Thrushcross Grange’s wealth, status and a place that epitomises gentry and reflecting the Victorian connection of wealth and heaven. When Catherine is taken to Trushcross Grange she is introduced to a new social status, where she has ‘combed her beautiful hair’ and ‘pair of enormous slippers’, we see how her ‘consciousness’ has now changed as she has been introduced to Victorian Societies superstructure. It is only until this integration into the Heights that Catherine realises Heathcliff is not adequate for her. She is enabled access to the Heights because of her name and its association with economic position. Heathcliff is a gypsy and by ‘putting up the shutters’, ‘curtains half closed’ while Heathcliff’s looking through the window panes shows how the barriers symbolise Bronti presenting the strict Victorian Society which denies Heathcliff’s access to culture and education. Trushcross Grange becomes somewhat of a Victorian society’s ideal, a materialistic ideal. Catherine’s awareness of her social existence results in her new perception that she cannot marry Heathcliff because: ‘if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars’ Even though he is her authentic love and she hints at Heathcliff and her being inseparable she does not follow through. She has already chosen to marry Edgar; and so the novel can be read from a Marxist perspective as Catherine’s outlook in marrying Edgar is materialist as she thinks about social reasons and survival, as opposed to the idealistic perspective. Bronti shows how Catherine is affected my material circumstances reflected when she says she will be â€Å"queen of the neighbourhood† and does not chose Heathcliff, who can be seen as a symbol of her freedom. However, it can be argued that she never has a choice between the two as the way she is set to think is largely conditioned by the way the economy is organised. Bront? presents through the novel how this economy determines the superstructure and therefore even though Heathcliff stands for Catherine’s freedom it is Victorian society’s mentality that means people remain ignorant of Heathcliff’s potential goodness, who is instead driven away because he does not have the capital (money) or culture (education) to support her. So, Catherine probably is right in saying they would be beggars. It is their social circumstances that have determined much of their life and results in Heathcliff running off. Bront? creates this gap in the novel where we are unaware of Heathcliff’s situation which effectively creates a sense of mystery around Heathliff and and forms tension until his return, even if it be full of vengeance.

Environmental Science Essay

Our world looses 40,000 species a year, while ocean fisheries collapse and global warming threatens ecosystems from the coral reefs to the melting of the North Pole poles to the grain-producing mid-latitudes. There is a greater need than ever before to understand ecosystem processes, man’s impact on these processes, and the value systems that will determine our future interactions with our own ecosystem. Conservation is akin to problem solving, hence the emphasis on the art of solving problems and the critical-analytical approach toward understanding the underlying issues. Conserving nature is thus related to solving problems arising from human interference. It thus combines the complexity of nature with the human dimension, which is complicated to say the least. Hence the multitude of dimensions, confusion of ideas and the widespread involvement in all facets of daily life.Conservation is rooted in the belief that something can be done to prevent the loss of an endeared entity. When we saw native forests disappearing to shipbuilding and firewood, we began to protect them, goes the story. However, the truth follows a slightly different path. Forests were saved because people discovered coal, which was much more efficient to use. Instead of building ships from timber, steel proved to be a better choice. Instead of burning firewood for locomotives, coal proved more efficient. Thus coal and steel saved the remnants of native forests. Likewise it was fossil oil that saved the whales. If no economic replacement can be found, people will use the resource to the last little bit. Conservation in its early days, often happened by accident. However, today, people are using knowledge, foresight, labour and technology for proactive conservation. Soil conservation: soil has become threatened by human cultivation and climate change, resulting in loss of fertility, erosion and desertification. Water conservation: water is needed for food and industry, but in many nations a severe shortage is looming as humans use over 50% of fresh water that never reaches the sea. Atmosphere conservation: clean air is needed by all organisms on Earth. The atmosphere regulates the Earth’s temperature and protects it from harmful radiation. Global warming and ozone depletion threaten all organisms, including humans. Natural habitat conservation: wildlife needs natural habitat, Wildlife conservation: preventing extinctions, maintaining biodiversity. Mineral conservation: the mining of minerals rests almost exclusively in the hands of mining companies. Their business is to supply an ever hungrier market. Conservation of minerals can be done only at the consumer’s end, by reducing the need, reusing by-products and recycling wastes Energy conservation: energy is the main driving force behind industry and indeed our civilisation. Our entire standard of living depends on energy to the extent, that people in developed countries use the equivalent of 50 human slaves each, or more. Fossil fuel is going to run out and alternatives have to be found, as well as energy conserved. Urban conservation: in recent times, many cities have grown so rapidly that they have become unlivable due to overcrowding, traffic jams, inadequate public transportation systems, air and water pollution, noise, and lack of recreational parks. People flee the cities to live in suburbs, causing urban areas to sprawl, which exacerbates the transport-related problems. Urban conservation aims to make cities more livable, while halting urban sprawl. Marine conservation: the marine environment has its own rules. To do conservation for the benefit of nature is difficult enough, but because humans are involved in every step, the matter becomes very much more complicated. In fact, this aspect can become quite time-consuming and energy-sapping, often obscuring what the whole purpose of conservation is all about. Human society has become more complicated over time, and will continue to do so. People have occupied every bit of land, and have also been allowed to own it. By having an interest in an area planned for conservation, or an extractable species, human lives are affected and conflicts arise. People who have a claim to be considered, call themselves stakeholders. Don’t be surprised that a stakeholder can live hundreds of kilometres away from the place of conflict. Here are the human interests that need to be considered along every step: economic: people’s incomes are affected. Countries with a Bill Of Rights, require such people to be compensated financially. It increases the cost of conservation. However, often new opportunities present themselves, and people can get better jobs through re-training. Where fishing is stopped, boat owners and skippers can learn to earn a living from eco-tourism. Park rangers are required, and those displaced from the area make good rangers due to their local knowledge. rights: over time, people have given themselves all kinds of rights. Their present predicament is seen as a right obtained through custom, and any change to it is seen as an infringement of such rights. tradition: people have been doing what they do for many generations, often passed down in families from father to son. Villages have a tradition, and so do areas. A conservation effort may upset such traditions. culture: every ethnic group has a different culture. Within a culture, specific rights and beliefs are held dearly. Conservation may infringe on such cultural values. spiritual: persons and groups may have spiritual values, arising from beliefs and superstitions. emotional value: people often value a place or a species emotionally. Such values cannot be measured but are real to the beholders. A large range of emotional values can be held. race: racial matters may dominate conservation efforts. Original People like the Maori in New Zealand, the Aborigines in Australia and the Indians in America and Canada, have lived in the area for a long time, and have cultural and spiritual ties with an area. However, often the race issue is used to gain power and income. Nevertheless, it seems that the three underlying causes, population growth, economic growth and material needs (‘standard of living’) are too holy to be stemmed, or even discussed. So it happens that all our conservation efforts are directed at fixing problems, rather than preventing them. Worse still, the concept of sustainable development requires us to increase economic activity while also conserving the environment, two opposing goals. Conservationists now try to improve our ‘quality of life’, the need for a clean environment, such as clean air and water, uncluttered living areas, and unspoiled scenic lands. Only very recently has the concept of biodiversity entered the conservationist’s vocabulary. It requires healthy ecosystems, not just for the benefit of people but also for those other millions of species. The ecological crisis, as an outcome of human impact on nature, has reached a point that could threaten the very survival of humanity. In keeping with the economic interests of a small minority, new production forms be implemented faster and faster, with no prior evaluation of their ecological consequences. These minority interests also require maintaining production techniques recognized as harmful. This is going on while technological progress is increasing the possibility of acting upon nature, and hence upsetting or destroying it. Industry, transports and the breakdown of more or less durable consumer goods release a great variety of toxic substances into the air. The unbridled and apparently uncontrollable growth of motor vehicle traffic makes this the primary source of sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide, far ahead of household and industrial heating. Formic aldehyde, mercury and asbestos, for example, are industrial pollutants. These are also found to a very significant extent in everyday consumer products, such as building materials in the case of formaldehyde and asbestos, and mercury in batteries. Waste, of household, agricultural or industrial origin alike, is carried off in the world’s waters, turning them into gigantic sewers. Continental waters, rivers and lakes are the hardest-hit, but pollution is reaching the sea more and more, via rivers and coastal cities. The direct consequences are the accumulation of heavy metals; mercury, cadmium, etc, and highly toxic organic compounds, in sediment on the ocean floor, riverbeds and lakebeds. Above all, fertilizer build-up, involving nitrates and phosphates, has led to an unbridled proliferation of algae and water plants. Their breakdown then exhausts the oxygen dissolved in the water: resulting in a massive death of aquatic life. Among the most dramatic manifestations of the ecological crisis, the destruction of the world’s forests is among the most disturbing, because of the extent of its consequences. In 50 years, one third of the world’s woodlands has disappeared. This has hit tropical countries the hardest. In the industrialized countries, the wooded area has remained relatively stable, but forests are slowly dying from air, oil and soil pollution. However, in the â€Å"Third World†, deforestation is at the heart of the ecological crisis. Deforestation is the outcome of a vicious cycle of poverty and depletion of arable land. Another cause is the over-harvesting of tropical woods, with no concern for sustainable management. This destroys biodiversity – the tropical forests are home to over 50% of the plant and animal species of our planet – and the forest population’s resources, in order to provide a cheaper product for Western building and furniture markets. In future, we must see our neighbours as partners and friends rather than as poachers and foes. This partnership can also extend to adjoining industries, farming enterprises and business ventures. It does, of course, mean that human attitudes and behaviour will have to change. We should all see ourselves as custodians of the environment and learn to live in harmony with it. Only then will we see light at the end of a dark tunnel. Worked Cite: Daniel B. Botkin, Edward A. Keller Published by Wiley Text Books (June 2002) Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet

Air Transport Economics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Air Transport Economics - Coursework Example Therefore, it is inherently necessary to implement and adopt the most efficient strategies that will help the company to earn maximum profits and sustain among its competitors (Akyuwen, 2011; Varnes, 2010). An effective pricing strategy is very essential in order to attract larger volume passengers towards Longways airlines. Since the company has for once, suffered from financial crisis, it is necessary to set the fares of their aircraft in such a way that the passengers are also benefited and the company also does not incur any loss, i.e. at the point wherein the company can balance its profitability and customer satisfaction efficiently (The Chartered Institute of Marketing, 2015). To be noted, Longways is a small airlines company with many competitors dominating the European market. Thus, it is quite necessary for the company to set competitive prices, maintaining parity with the fare charged by its competitors (Intervistas, 2015). To be noted in this regard, after the financial crisis, the company is left with only two aircrafts that provides the facility of both economy class as well as business class seating arrangements. While one of its aircrafts contain only economy class seat s, the other aircraft hosts 50 business class and 200 economy class seating arrangements. As the economy class is meant for the common middle class people, the price of the fair should be kept to some extent lower than that of its competitor’s fair without compromising the quality of services provided (Knorr & Zigova, 2004). However, the business class is meant for the higher-class people and therefore, the prices may be kept higher, as they would not hesitate to afford a comparatively higher fare. Moreover, this will also help the company to adjust with losses that the company suffered from lowering the price of the economy class (Bloomberg, 2015; Malighetti & et. al, 2009;

MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MANAGEMENT RESEARCH - Essay Example I have been continuously using this approach until now. The second reason I want my dissertation to be deductive is that it will be more logical. On the other hand, if I followed the inductive approach (sometimes known as "bottom up" approach) it would lead me to a degree of uncertainty in my dissertation. In addition to this, inductive reasoning may not be handy in proving and providing arguments. Although I read some dissertations that used both approach, I noticed that deductive reasoning is a valid form of proving. On the contrary, if I would be using inductive reasoning as a writer, I must observe a number of situations in which patterns exist. Unfortunately, that doesnt mean that pattern observed is true for all situations. This would not be helpful in my subject which is banking and finance since I need a lot of proof. In short, using a deductive approach would be most suitable for my dissertation. In conclusion, this is only my standpoint about inductive and deductive approach, this is not meant if I have chosen deductive approach, inductive approach was wrong approach. Both approaches are correct but choosing is different from person to

Respond to the online discussion about movie High Noon Essay

Respond to the online discussion about movie High Noon - Essay Example However, you have jointly discussed the position of Helen and townspeople where you should have elaborated Helen’s role in detail since she did have good will within her intentions which the townspeople did not! By saying this, I am not supporting Helen in her decision of moving out of the town. I just want to say is that you should have clearly indicated that having good will is not enough to make an individual’s action morally justified unless it is accompanied with practical action. 2. I agree with you when you rightly analyze the role of Kane as a moral activist fighting not for personal satisfaction, but for a moral cause. But you sound too confused about analyzing the role of Amy, particularly when you say, â€Å"Amy wanted Kane and this is what guided her, but at the end she dropped everything she believed in just so she can help Kane. Is this a selfish act or a dutiful act?† Kane was just as much husband to Amy when she decided not to stand by him when he was when she chose otherwise! It is obvious that she felt good will and her action was driven by her motivation to help her husband out of the trouble as a dutiful wife. She was truly a moral activist. You did not at all discuss the role of Helen and townspeople as was the requirement of the question.

Topic and instruction , see below my instruction file Research Paper

Topic and instruction , see below my instruction file - Research Paper Example Although the previous cards were still considered as credit cards, the first true credit cards were developed after Second World War (Arnold 1-5; Mudd 48-50). John Biggins developed the first bank credit card in 1946 while he was working at Flatbush National Bank of Brooklyn. Different organizations contributed in developing the various aspects of the credit card. However, credit card became popular in the 1950s when companies such as American Express and Bank of America developed their credit cards. The credit card was used to enable customers purchase goods and services and pay for them in regular intervals. Moreover, the card enabled banks to offer short-term credit. Additionally the card could allow user to make non-cash purchases while in different locations. Initially, travelers mainly used the credit cards (Arnold 3-5). For credit cards to be successful, a regulatory environment was necessary. Such regulations included the regular validation of the credit card by the vendor. Moreover, the terms of payment had to be clearly stated. The customers had to provide their contact information and billing address (Arnold 2-7). Although credit card companies earn quite a large sum of money from interests, they still adopt dubious tactics to increase their profits at the expense of customers. One such trick is encouraging their customers not to pay their interest in time and use more credit so that they can penalize them. This enables them to increase their late and over the limit fees. The late and over the limit fees have thus grown rapidly. Additionally, some credit card companies provide insurance programs, dishonest marketing promotions, and other universal default policies to solicit money from their customers. Such malpractices include unfair billing and use of blatantly tactics (Whitney 48) There are some credit card abuses, which can be found in learning institutions such as colleges and campuses. Although the laws in

Explain (with examples) the extent to which SSM was supportive of a Essay

Explain (with examples) the extent to which SSM was supportive of a group approach - Essay Example Today, SSM has become a useful tool in any situation (or problem) involving human activity. Take for instance this trivial situation of two friends watching TV and arguing if the programs were good or bad. Using the SSM model, there will be no point arguing because both are right. Friend A may like it because of the pact action sequences and Friend B may not like it because the plot is too predictable. Whichever it is, SSM model argues that the standard for a good TV programs is inherent in both and one value judgment is not necessarily superior or more right than the other. If these ideas were explicit, the two friends may still argue on some points but their ideas would cease being unsubstantiated opinion and become defensible. Wilson (2001) points that defensibility should be the main criterion in an argument since ‘what is right’ in most cases, is likely unachievable. Such concept is important to complex situations in any social organization that capitalizes on defen sible arguments. This report will then put primary focus on SSM supporting group approach by discussing how SSM rallies group dynamics. Checkland introduced the steps to be followed methodically in SSM. The first step being the identification of the unstructured problem – is best accomplished as a group. For example, when the A.REthinking group was tasked to identify an ill-structured problem, it became easier to consolidate and develop ideas because feedbacks, whether positive or negative, help process and systematize insights. The more diverse the members’ backgrounds are the more enriching the discussion will be. Wilson discussed that the â€Å"people-components† can attribute meaning to their situation and define their own purpose for the organization. Checkland’s collaborators even suggested that the real potential of SSM is best exemplified in its early stages since it is the period when members of the organization achieve

Microtubules Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Microtubules - Lab Report Example This interaction, revealed by the structure, is branded the EB1-like motif and there is possibility that the binding interaction of CLIP family depends on this. Intuitively, considering that CLIP experiences binding at the acidic tail of tubulin, it is also possible that the acidic tail of EB1 also provides the same condition allowing for binding. 12 One of the important parts of the cell micro skeleton is the microtubules. The dynamics of microtubules is a very significant feature of cell control and cell morphogenesis. According to research carried out recently, microtubules are attributed with the role of maintaining intrinsic cell length control. Meanwhile, even after the development of a model that describes the MT dynamics that are associated with the control of cell length, elucidation of the spatial variability of MT nucleation is yet to occur. This presentation is a case of an investigation on the dynamics that are associated with nucleation of microtubules. This presentation particularly refers to a Hela cell that has no visible chromosome which was videoed after aligning itself along a track of micro patterned fibronectin. This presentation also wanted to find out the quantitative distribution of catastrophes and velocities inside the cell’s cortical and non-cortical regions. It also sought to investigate the spatial distribution of the microtubule nucleation that had resulted. According to the results obtained, concentration of microtubule nucleation could not be considered random as it was concentrated in particular regions of the cell. Also, the results showed that the cortical actin was instrumental in triggering the nucleation rate. The rate slowed down after the cortical actin layer was removed. After further examination of the microtubule lifetimes among the case and the control, it was found out that the slowing of nucleation rate could be attributed to the slowing down of the microtubule catastrophe rate, in the

Sexualization of Girls in Advertisements Essay Example for Free

Sexualization of Girls in Advertisements Essay In April 21, 2005, a movie that mirrors what was going on in our society today in regards to racism and stereotyping was released. That interesting movie, to say the least, have moved, shocked and stricken the soul of its viewers by the amazing twists and turns of the story. The acclaimed movie has also received rave reviews from average viewers. Roger Ebert even called it the best movie of 2005 (Ebert, In Defense). That movie was Paul Haggis Oscar-winning Crash, which screenplay was written by Bobby Moresco and Haggis himself. Needless to say, Crash is about the collision of cars, it actually begins and ends with a car crash. But the notion of Crash in the film has a much broader meaning. It is more than just the collision of cars; it is also the interpersonal collisions between people from different ethnic groups, classes, ideologies, and even gender and age groups. The movie presumes that assumptions and prejudice are what caused these collisions. It also depicts that everyone has racism in them, but everyone can still be a good person (Goyette). Crash is a crime drama film about the racial and social tensions and its effects on various people in Los Angeles, California. It depicts the racial and stereotypical prejudices that every ethnicity and race experience in everyday life. A self-described â€Å"passion-piece† for Haggis, Crash is inspired by a real-life incident in which his Porsche was carjacked outside a video store while walking with his wife (Crash (2)). He also claimed that the movie was initially supposed to be a movie about fearing stranger, but turned into a movie about race (Goyette). The movie has proven even more that it is worth-watching after winning three Academy Awards, including the Best Picture, which made the movie controversial after beating the critically favored Brokeback Mountain (Crash (2)). In the introduction of Crash, Detective Graham voice-over and says, â€Å"It’s the sense of touch. In any real city, you walk, you know? You brush past  people, people bump into you. In L.A., nobody touches you. We’re always behind this metal and glass. I think we miss that touch so much that we crash into each other just so we can feel something† (Crash (1)). These lines are full of weight, just like the movie itself which tackles some weighty issues that made it stand out. The word crash refers to the collision of worlds of people while the touch pertains to people’s connection. The introduction tells us that people are gradually losing the connection to one another because of the barriers built around them, built by assumptions, prejudgment and stereotyping, which made them doubtful about trusting others. Collision of worlds seems to be the only way to reach out and empathize with each other. It seems to be the only way to understand where the other p erson is coming from and to have the connection back again. The movie Crash gives an impression that everyone is a racist. It shows that people make assumptions on people they don’t know. It illustrates how people jump to conclusion based on race, class, appearance, name, etc. Pointing finger at everyone in regards to racism, Joshua Tyler states that there is no one without spot her (Tyler). Everyone is infected. Jean (character played by Sandra Bullock) showed that she is a racist when she held her husband’s arm and squeezed it tight as they walk by two black guys. In that scene, she is not overtly racist, but she is, subconsciously. Another example from the movie is Officer Tom Hansen who hated was his racist partner was doing. He even asked to be reassigned because he can’t stand him anymore. But at the end of the movie, we discovered that he is a racist as well. He killed a black guy because he assumed that he carries a gun. But before he killed the black guy, he looked at him starting from his shoes up to his ripped jacket as if calculating him, figuring out what kind of person he is. That is when he started to distrust him. Then the gunshot happened. These scenarios demonstrate that we are all racist at some point in our lives. No one is exempted. People are racist in one level or another, even those who think that they are tolerant, enlightened and fair-minded. Officer Ryan told his former partner, â€Å"You think you know who you are? You have no idea.† This line is actually intended for the audience, for everybody. In the movie, an Iranian-American visited a gun store for a purchase with  his daughter. But he was sent out by the Caucasian clerk who was prejudiced against Arabs. The clerk thought that he is an Arab based on his appearance and his language, Farsi, which sounds a lot like Arabic. The clerk even called him â€Å"Osama†, who was known to be the founder of Al Qaeda terrorist group that is responsible for the September 11 attacks in the United States that have killed thousands of Americans. This scene has clearly shown that people are paranoid of other groups. They treat strangers as potential enemies or combatants (Brusette). Addressing the assumptions that has been one of the issues presented in the movie, Ebert states, â€Å"One thing that happens again and again [in the film], is that people’s assumptions prevent them from seeing the actual person standing before them† (Ebert, Crash Movie Review). An example scenario from the film is when Jean made an assumption that Daniel, the Latino locksmith, was a gang member and would be back with his â€Å"homies† to attack them based on his appearance—shaved head, pants around his ass, and those what she called the â€Å"prison tattoos†Ã¢â‚¬â€which we found out later on was not true; he is just a simple struggling family man. This illustrates that people make an assumption and prejudgment on other people without trying to know who they really are. The reason is because people believe that they already know other people based only on their preconceived conclusions on them. But in actuality, people don’t really know other people, neither themselves, and their preconceived conclusions are often wrong which result to a divided society. The characters of Crash were presented as guilty of racism, prejudice and making assumptions on other people. But before the movie ended, we have witnessed how the characters flipped sides and changed ways and became a better person after their lives intertwined and crashed to one another. We saw how Ludacris’ character, who has been complaining about the preconceptions on blacks, but did nothing but keep proving those preconceptions right, looked very proud of himself after setting the Asian slaves free from the white van he carjacked. Jean, who was angry of all the people that don’t meet her demands, came to a realization that it is not the people around her who have an issue, but it is her, saying â€Å"I wake up like this every morning.† She came to a complete realization after she fell on the stairs and nobody helped her but her Latina housekeeper, Maria, who in  the end she called her best friend. Another character is Officer Ryan, the vile and hateful cop who uses a lot of excuses for his misconducts, who victimizes others by exercising his power, became the savior of the same lady she molested. Haggis is telling parables, in which the characters learn the lessons they have earned by their behavior (Ebert, Crash Movie Review). The movie shows that everyone has racism in them, but everyone can still be a good person. Furthermore, the movie contains powerful symbols to bring out its main ideas. â€Å"How far can bullets go?† asked Lara to her father. The bullets represent the assumptions that cause the conflicts between people. Assumptions are just like bullets that whoever was stricken, will get hurt, and they can be fatal too. Another symbol presented in the film is the cloak. The cloak symbolizes faith because it does not exist, it is just imaginary but the little girl still believed in it. Having faith, she becomes the protector of both her father and her father’s assailant. It suggests that if people have faith, they can be protected too. There is also the St. Christopher statuette that is possessed both by Officer Hansen and Peter. The statuettes symbolize people’s values and beliefs, that even two people are of different color, class or group, it is not impossible for them to share common values and beliefs. And lastly, the snow that came down at the end of the movie. The snow symbolizes purification. We saw how the characters learned and were redeemed after what has happened to them. They were awakened and became open-hearted, making them pure again, removing the wrong actions they have done in the past, in the same way snow covers multitude of dirty things whenever it comes down. In conclusion, Paul Haggis had been able to send the message he wants to get across to people through Crash. He expresses that people are one and they are all the same, regardless of different races or groups they came from. They are just blinded by the assumptions and prejudice they create that cause them to distrust one another. Crash demonstrates that people are interconnected to one another, but because of the assumptions and prejudice that are continually perpetuating in our society, people lose this connection. To be able to have the connection back again, people have to  collide to one another, the kind of collision that will hit their heads hard. Violent contact has never been good, but if it is the only way to awaken people and make them realize the reality that we are living in a divided society, which is not good, then I can say that there is still goodness in it. Crash is a movie with moral and it promotes racial awareness. It enables people to experience racism from every angle and make them reflect on themselves. It also allows them to walk in the shoes of other people to be able to understand deeper where they are coming from. Overall, Crash is a fantastic eye-opening movie that will truly change people’s views on society. Works Cited Brusette, Frederick and Mary Ann. â€Å"Film Review: Crash.† Dir. Paul Haggis. Spiritualityandpractice.com. n.d. 18 Oct 2013. â€Å"Crash (1).† The Internet Movie Database. IMDb.com, Inc. n.d. Web. 17 Oct 2013. â€Å"Crash (2).† Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 14 Oct 2013. 16 Oct. 2013. Ebert, Roger. â€Å"In Defense of the Year’s ‘Worst Movie’.† Rev. of Crash. Dir. Paul Haggis. Rogerebert.com. 08 Jan 2006. 16 Oct 2013. . â€Å"Crash Movie Review Film Summary.† Rev. of Crash. Dir. Paul Haggis. Rogerebert.com. 05 May 2005. 16 Oct 2013. Goyette, Tori. â€Å"White Power: An Analysis of Racial Tensions in Crash.† Fresh Ink 13.3 (2011) Tyler, Joshua. â€Å"Crash.† Rev. of Crash. Dir. Paul Haggis. Cinemablend.com. n.d. 17 Oct 2013.

Green Room Productions Essay Example for Free

Green Room Productions Essay In November 1995, Trip Davis, Dartmouthalums, Greg Waldbaum and Eric Butz gathered for a meeting in the conference room of their Charlottesville, Virginia, office. The business partners had reached a crucial point in their startup business. Five months prior they combined their talents to provide professional and technology services in the travel industry by starting Green Room Productions, but the firm had been unable to find sufficient human resources to staff its technology projects. , the partners considered two options: close the business down or move to another city for the second time in five months. Both options that the partners were considering would have huge impacts of the professional careers and personal lives. Closing down would mean that they would have to seek employment with other companies, which could result in them having to relocate their families to another city. The other option, to relocate the company to a location where they could find qualified human resources would guarantee moving their families and still have the uncertainty of success. In the early and mid 90’s the Internet and . Com based companies were booming. In the Travel Industry, people who normally used Travel Agencies to make reservations for airline flights, hotels and auto rentals were now turning to internet based companies such as Prodigy and Pctravel.com, which connected users through ATC’s computer to the Apollo Computer Reservation Systems (CRS), by translating complex codes and commands into a simpler interface. Although many .Com travel companies began to open, many sites lacked the proper interfaces necessary to link existing computer reservation systems to the Internet and did not offer on-line reservations that could be booked threw their website and usually provided advertisement and included a telephone number to call to complete the reservation process. In 1994 Trip Davis accepted a position as an analyst at Landmark Communications, which owned The Travel Channel. With 15 million individual subscribers, it was operating at a loss and needed to increase its subscriber base to 30 million to become profitable. Davis was given the task to find ways to increase the channels subscriber base and move towards profitability. Davis noticed the opportunities that the internet could provide. Landmark also owned the contents of The Weather Channel, and saw an opportunity to develop Weather.com to expand its audience base. But Landmark did not own the contents of The Travel Channel so Davis began investigating ways to expand the channels audience and looked at the travel industry and the internet. Davis met with Internet Service Providers AOL, Prodigy and CompuServe who provided limited travel information on the Web sites and participated in conferences with companies such as Hilton, Delta, Marriott and Disney. These companies expressed the need for nationwide reach that currently were not being met. In 1995, Davis and Greg Waldbaum, who went to college together, ran into each other at a travel conference. Both had always had an interest in starting their own business and began discussing the opportunities of the travel industry and the Internet and decided to start a business together which would focus of two ideas: Provide technology services to help travel companies develop their Internet presence and develop original on-line content such as sightseeing guides to resorts and travel destinations. Davis, Waldbaum and another friend Butz started Green Room Productions. Pitching their â€Å"three S† sales pitch. Site: Set up and create Web site infrastructure; Systems: Create applications connected to the clients existing information infruastrure with systems that enabled customs to make reservations, book tickets, or transact other business on the clients Web site; Strategy: Assist clients with Internet strategy and maintain a focus on their brand. Clients such as The Travel Channel, Mountain Travel, Sobek, Disney and ITT Sheraton provided major projects for Green Room Productions ranging from half million to $1.o million and smaller HTML projects brought gross revenues of $10,000 to $100,000. Green Room Case Study Bibliography Carpenter, mason Andrew Strategic management: a dynamic perspective concepts/ Mason A. Carpenter, Wm. Gerard Sanders- 2nd ed. p. cm. P773 – 781 Green Room Production, LLC/ Fairchild, Gregory B.; Kelly, Dorothy C.; Singer, Susan 7/13/2006

Liquid Phase Surface Nitriding of Al-5052

Liquid Phase Surface Nitriding of Al-5052 Abstract: Liquid phase surface nitriding of Al-5052 was performed using the heat of a TIG (tungsten inert gas) torch in a gas shielding which was a mixture of argon and nitrogen. The feasibility of obtaining nitride compounds at various TIG processing parameters and nitrogen contents in the shielding gas were studied. The presence of AlN phase being formed during surface nitriding was proved by X-ray diffraction analysis. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyzer was carried out to study the morphology and chemical composition of the nitride phase. The microhardness test was also performed on cross sections of treated layers. This measurement demonstrated that the surface hardness increased from 52 HV for the untreated aluminum alloy to as high as 1411 HV for the nitrided sample due to the formation of AlN phase in the treated layer. It was also found that, variation of nitrogen contents in the shielding gas has little effect on th e formation of AlN phase and its properties. It was also noticed that liquid phase surface nitriding reduced the wear rate to less than quarter of that of the untreated substrate. Introduction Liquid phase surface engineering including surface melting, alloying, and formation of composite layers on aluminum alloys have been studied and applied for more than three decades. High-energy sources such as laser and electron beam, as well as other heat sources like tungsten inert gas (TIG) process have been used for these treatments [1–3]. In order to improve the wear resistance, formation of hard nitride layers via liquid phase surface engineering on nitride former alloys like titanium and iron in atmospheres containing nitrogen have also been studied by a number of researchers [4–11]. Aluminum alloys like titanium are strong nitride former. Attempts have been made to form nitride compounds on aluminum and its alloys to enhance their wear resistant [12–16]. The majority of researchers have used plasma nitriding technique. The main disadvantage of plasma nitriding is formation of rather thin AlN layers, which are not suitable, and useful while high load bearing ability is required [12,13,17–19]. Some researchers have tried to form aluminum nitride via liquid phase surface engineering of aluminum using laser beam [14,20–24]. Sicard et al. [22] obtained thin nitride layers on aluminum based substrate by liquid phase laser nitriding. Carpene et al. [23] studied laser nitriding of pure iron and aluminum in nitrogen atmosphere using a pulsed nanosecond Excimer laser. Their study revealed that approximately all the phases predicted by the Fe-N phase diagram was observed in the case of liquid phase iron nitriding, while in aluminum, only AlN was formed . There are only a couple of works on liquid phase surface nitriding of aluminum using electric arc in atmospheres of argon and nitrogen [15,16]. Hioki et al. [15] introduced an aluminum nitriding method by heating aluminum in a mixture gas of argon and nitrogen using the heat of a TIG torch. By this treatment, a dense layer of aluminum nitride was formed on the surface of aluminum so that it improved the wear resistance of aluminum. Zheng et al. [16] reported an improvement in the microhardness and wear resistance of 1050 aluminum by nitrogen arc discharge at atmospheric pressure. The nitride formation mechanism via liquid phase surface treatment has not been completely realized. According to some researches [16,20,21], the plasma formation by the electric arc or laser irradiation on the substrate surface under nitrogen atmosphere allows ionization of nitrogen and penetration to some depth and then according to Al+N → AlN reaction, nitride layers grow in the melt pool. It has been reported that if the proportion of nitrogen gas exceeds 50% by weight, the paucity of argon gas might result in unfavorable effects on generation and stability of the electric arc [15]. Therefore, it is preferred that the shielding gas to be diluted by argon gas. In this study, TIG surface nitriding of Al-5052 in ambient nitrogen atmosphere will be carried out to investigate the effects of various TIG processing parameters such as current and travel speed as well as nitrogen contents on the formation of AlN on Al-5052 alloy. Subsequently, the hardness and wear resistance of the treated surfaces were studied. Experimental AA5052 aluminum plates with dimensions of 100 mm Ãâ€" 80 mm Ãâ€" 10 mm were used as the substrate. Prior to surface nitriding, their surfaces were sandpapered with 120 paper grit SiC and then cleaned with acetone. TIG surface treatment was carried out using a MERKLE TIG 200 AC/DC unit in alternative-current (AC) mode as a heat-generator. A coaxial argon gas flow was adjusted at a fixed amount of 9 l/min and high purity nitrogen gas (at flow rates of 3, 4, and 5 l/min) was blown into the molten pool to provide shielding. Tungsten electrodes with diameter of 2.4 mm and a constant distance of 2 mm from the specimens’ surfaces were used for all experiments. Surface melting trials were conducted to optimize the TIG processing parameters (Table 1). The effects of volume percentage of added nitrogen to the shielding gas and TIG processing parameters on the properties of the fabricated layers were studied. On the whole, liquid phase surface nitriding was performed under two different series of processing parameters. In the first series, surface nitriding was performed in a constant mixture of argon and nitrogen gas atmosphere at various TIG processing parameters and in the second series the mix tures of argon and nitrogen gas shielding were changed while other TIG operating parameters were kept constant (Table 2). The voltage of TIG process was kept at a constant value of 15 V, the current varied from 75 to 150 A, and the travel speed differed from 50 to 200 mm/min. The heat input for each test was calculated using Eq. 1 [25]. Heat input (kJ/cm) = (0.48 Ãâ€" voltage Ãâ€" current)/(Travel speed) (1) The nitrided layers were characterized and analyzed by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (Model:Camscan MV2300) equipped with an EDS analyzer. The samples used for microanalysis were polished metallographically to get smooth surfaces and then were etched with Kellers reagent for 15–30 s. The nitrided layers were also analyzed using a Philips X’Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer equipped with a Ni filter, Cu KÃŽ ± source operating at 40 kV and 30 mA. The cross-sectional hardness of the surface treated layer was measured by a MicroMet microhardness testers-Vickers with an applied load of 100-200 g and holding time of 15 s. The given values of hardness were average values taking from three to five measurement points at the same depth. The wear rates of the samples at room temperature and humidity of 45% were also evaluated by measuring the weight loss, using a pin-on-disc wear test machine. The cylindrical pins with a diameter of 4.9 mm were wire-cut from the untreated AA5052, surface melted and surface nitrided samples for the wear tests. A quench-tempered steel (AISI 52100) disc with a diameter of 37 mm and hardness of 59 HRC was chosen as the counter face. The testing parameters were 20N load, 0.3 mm/s sliding speed, and 250, 500, 750 and 1000 m sliding distance on a radius of 12.5 mm from the center of the disc. 3. Results and Discussions 3.1 Surface melting Fig. 1 shows a typical cross sectional view of a crack and porosity-free surface melted specimen achieved at a heat input of 2.16 kJ/cm (current of 100 A and travel speed of 200 mm/min). This figure also shows that the optical macrostructure of the cross section of the surface melted specimen is composed of three distinctive structures: Area 1 is the unchanged structure of the base metal. Area 2 with columnar structure, which is formed due to the high heat transfer rates because of rapid solidification and high thermal gradient between the melted zone and the base metal. Area 3 with equiaxed structure, which is emerged due to heat transfer rates during the melting process. 3.2 Surface nitriding: Effects of various TIG processing parameters Liquid phase surface nitriding was carried out under various TIG processing parameters in a constant mixture of nitrogen–argon shielding gases. Surface nitriding caused the formation of gray colored tracks, with 0.6–1.6 mm thickness and 3–6 mm width, indicating composition changes and possibly formation of aluminum nitride in the treated layer. A couple of other works have also reported similar observations [16,21]. Fig. 2a and b shows the effect of heat input on the depth and width of the treated zone. The depth and width of treated zone proportionally increased with increasing heat input. In addition, the change in gradient due to increased heat input is the same in both graphs. Fig. 3a and b shows the surface treated zone achieved at the minimum (N-1) and maximum (N-4) heat input used in this work, when the mixture of nitrogen–argon shielding gas was remained constant. In the sample with maximum heat input, the treated layer is larger and contains crack s, which are due to the formation of hard aluminum nitride and high temperature gradient. The rough nature of the treated layer is due the metal evaporation as result of high heat input. EDS analysis from the marked areas (Fig. 3c and d) reveals aluminum and nitrogen percentages for N-1 and N-4 specimens. Nitrogen content in the sample with maximum heat input (27.22 at%) was much lower than the nitrogen content in the sample with minimal heat input (40.41 at%). Increasing heat input results in dissolved nitrogen in the larger melting pool of aluminum and there would be less excess nitrogen. 3.3 Surface nitriding: Effects of shielding gas Surface nitriding was also processed at various volume percentage of nitrogen in the shielding gas when the other TIG processing parameters were kept constant. Fig. 4 shows the low magnification cross sectional SEM micrograph of sample N-5 (see Table 2), near its surface. According to this figure, the nitrided layers are consisted of two morphologies, one is dendritic morphology, and other is lamellar morphology dispersed between the dendrites. Similar morphologies are reported by other researchers [16]. Fig. 5 shows the high magnification SEM micrograph of sample N-5 that reveals these two morphologies, separately. Detailed SEM-EDS spot analysis (Fig. 5c and d) suggests that in lamellar structure, the dark areas are aluminum nitride and the bright bands are aluminum. The EDS analysis results disclosed that the atomic percentage of nitrogen and aluminum are almost 1:1 at the dark areas. X-ray diffraction patterns of the nitrided zone also confirmed peaks corresponding to hexagonal Al N phase (Fig. 6). Other researchers also reported formation of hexagonal AlN phase [12,16]. AlN phase was seen at 2ÃŽ ¸ = 33.216, 36.041, 37.917, 49.816, 59.350, 66.054, 69.731, 71.440, 72.629, 81.090 and 94.844 (PDF no. 25-1133). There are other peaks in the XRD patterns at 2ÃŽ ¸ = 38.473, 44.740, 65.135, 78.230, 82.438, and 99.081, that correspond to face centered cubic aluminum structure. Fig. 7 shows the high magnification cross sectional SEM micrographs of samples that were surface nitrided under various volume percentages of nitrogen in shielding gas. The morphologies of the samples treated with different nitrogen flow rates (3, 4 and 5 l/min) were similar to each other and by changing the nitrogen flow rate, the atomic percentage of nitrogen in the dark bands did not changed, significantly (Table 3). However, it seems that the thickness of the dark bands increased with increasing the volume percentages of nitrogen gas shielding. Meanwhile, bright areas increased that indicate d aluminum content changed by reducing the amount of nitrogen in the gas mixture. 3.4 Microhardness Table 4 compares the average microhardness of a number of surface melted samples with that of the base metal. In surface melted samples, the hardness of the surface melted layer reduces by increasing of the heat input applied. Nevertheless, minimum hardness of the surface melted samples (81 HV) was much higher than that of the base aluminum substrate (52 HV). Table 5 shows the average microhardness of a number of surface nitrided samples being compared with that of the base metal. The increase in hardness was due to the formation of AlN phase in the nitrided zone. In surface nitrided samples by decreasing the heat input, the size of the treated layer decreased and hence, the solidification rate increased, resulting in a finer grained structure. In addition, by reducing the heat input, nitriding pool shrinks and nitrogen content rises from about 27 to 40 %at and therefore the relative amount of nitride compounds is increased in the layer. The hardness of the nitrided sample achieved a t higher heat input (HV 1109) is lower than that of the sample nitride at lower heat input (1411HV), which is close to the hardness value reported by others [13,16]. Furthermore, various volume percentages of nitrogen in the gas shielding had an insignificant effect on the average hardness of the nitrided zone. Fig. 8 illustrates the microhardness profiles along the depth of the layer achieved for surface melted (M-1) and nitrided (N-5) samples. These profiles indicate that the microhardness of the surface nitrided sample is much higher than that of the surface melted sample. The hardness for the surface melted (M-1) sample reached 148 HV and for the surface nitrided (N-5) sample increased by up to 1411 HV. Besides, the hardness of the nitrided layer along treated zone does not vary significantly and abruptly reduce to the hardness of the base material that can be an indication of in depth diffusion of nitrogen in the surface treated zone. 3.5. Wear resistance The weight losses of the worn untreated substrate, surface melted and surface nitrided samples against sliding distance are shown in Fig. 9. As it is shown, the weight loss after 1000 m sliding reduced from 4.2 mg to 2.9 and 1.2 mg, respectively, for the untreated aluminum, surface melted (M-1) sample (with highest hardness among surface melted samples) and surface nitrided (N-5) sample (with highest hardness among surface nitrided samples). According to these results, the wear rates of the surface melted and nitrided aluminum are about 69% and 28% of that of the untreated aluminum. Besides friction coefficients varied from 0.81 to 0.71 and 0.54 for untreated substrate, surface melted and surface nitrided samples respectively. It is obvious that grain refinement and presence of hard aluminum nitride phases have a positive effect on the wear resistance of the melted and nitrided samples. Similar improvement in wear resistance by formation of nitride layer has also been reported in oth er studies [11,13,14,16]. Fig. 10 shows the scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces of the untreated, surface melted and surface nitrided samples after 1000 m sliding distances. Plastic deformation including deep grooves on the worn surface of the untreated sample are signs of abrasive wear mechanism. After surface melting processing, the surface hardness increased and the intensity of the grooves reduced. Fig. 10c shows the worn surface of the surface nitrided sample, which has the lowest wear rate among the samples. Worn surface of the nitrided sample are smoother than those of the other samples that is due to presence of AlN phases in the nitrided layers and its higher hardness. Conclusions Liquid phase surface nitriding of Al-5052 by TIG process in ambient nitrogen atmosphere resulted in the formation of nitrided layers containing hexagonal AlN hard phase with two morphologies of dendritic and lamellar. Increasing the heat input resulted in reduced nitrogen content in the nitrided layer and thus AlN content reduced in the layer. The hardness of the surface nitrided layer reached to 1411 HV as compared to 52 HV for untreated aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, various volume percentages of nitrogen in the gas shielding had no significant effect on the morphology and the average hardness of the nitrided layers. Liquid phase surface nitriding resulted in the formation of AlN phase and hence increased the hardness of the treated layer that in turn reduced the wear rate to less than quarter of that of the untreated aluminum.

American Changes between 1825-1850 :: essays research papers

In early America between the years of 1825-1850, America was rapidly changing and reforming the way people lived. Societal problems and major discrepancies that had previously been overlooked began to rapidly gain awareness. The main idea of the reforms in the United States at this time was the relatively new sense of Democracy. Reform sought to maximize these benefits in light of Democracy and for this reason came up with many changes in which greater good can be found through freedom, justice, and equality of all people. In addition to extending social and political equality for women and the means to economic affluence for the poor (through education), a number of reforms also extended to various oppressed groups of freedom and justice. Abolitionists in the North sought to emancipate slaves in the cotton-cultivating South through the use of moral suasion as revealed by Patrick Reason’s engraving showing the deprivation of the Negro race in regards to their rights as humans, and later, political freedoms. The penitentiary movement began by Dorothea Dix reformed the nation’s prisons and insane asylums to improve the living conditions and treatment of criminals, paupers, and emotionally disturbed persons. Separate penitentiaries were later instituted for the reformation of juvenile delinquents. Instead of â€Å"confining without distinction the more and less vicious†, where the latter can learn â€Å"little but the ways of the wicked†, their separation will salvage the less vicious through â€Å"religious and moral instruction† and â€Å"render them valuable members of society†. Democratic ideals inspired many reforms from 1825-1850. One such ideal was equality for all people in the United States. Many reformers were especially concerned with those in prison and how they would be treated upon release. Many people, such as those for the Reformation of Juvenile Delinquents, in 1829, hoped that upon release ex-prisoners would become "valuable members of society," but knew that this would only be possible if they were treated like others.

Just a Bit of Hope :: essays research papers

Just a Little Bit of Hope   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The boy twitched for a bit, as he attempted to move his body and did everything in his part to open his eyes, but with all of his strength he only had the ability to slightly crack open his eyes. It was the first ray of light the boy had seen in over a month but it felt to him as if it had been years. His eyes ached all over from the struggle to keep them open and finally they forced themselves shut again. The pain was too great. In the background, he could hear murmurs of people speaking to him, encouraging him, but he could not make out exactly whom it was or what was being said. He tried to concentrate on the tones and voices but he could not process anything that was being said. His state of mind was a complete fog and everything felt as if it was a dream, but this time he knew it was reality. He felt a small amount of pressure on his right hand but otherwise his body was numb. He suddenly became overwhelmed with fright and anxiety as he tried to piece togethe r where he was and what had happened. He went to scream but it was hopeless and nothing, not even a peep came out of his mouth. Then he felt an impulsive rush of exhaustion come over himself and without a second thought about it, he was back asleep. He had drifted right back into his coma.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  His mother was patiently waiting at the side of his bed, gripping firmly onto his right hand in hopes of it somehow bringing him back to life. She felt hopeless and worthless without her son by her side, and even though he was physically there, his mind and soul was missing. Her son had been in a coma for eight days now. She vigilantly sat there day and night in hopes of him coming to. She had seen him jerk around a few times so that gave her some promise that he could feel her presence. At night, she would kneel by his side and squeeze her hands together as firmly as she could and pray to God for her son’s health. And every night at the same point of her prayer, she would break down into hysterics and beg for mercy and forgiveness from the Lord.

Mainstream vs. Alternative Media

Medal In today's day and age, with the advent of vehicles Like the Internet and various social media, the means of communicating have significantly developed. This evolution has given rise to contemporary media outlets for both the mainstream and alternative media channels. We must now choose how to gain access to our most basic and truly essential news and information. Mainstream media tends to afford media outlets maintained by various conglomerates, which are then predisposed to their appeals.We come across an assortment of mainstream media outlets broadcasting on the radio, TV, and online or irrigating in newspapers and other such publications. Mainstream media tend to be easily hit upon; connect with vast audiences; and are usually preferred by the majority. Mainstream media corporations thrive and profit by engaging as many people as possible. Their content centers on Issues and topics that appeal to a considerable number of listeners, readers, and viewers.Mainstream media is o ften seen as more trustworthy and credible. Even though time and again, alternative media breaks a news story, the public is disposed to waiting until mainstream media backs that story. Often times, mainstream media corporations also will hold off on a story until it has earned some attention in the smaller alternative outlets before they will cover It. Mainstream media encompasses a comprehensive spectrum of subject matters Like economics, politics, sports, science, fashion, travel, Jobs, entertainment, etc.Mainstream media coverage tends to present considerably longer articles and reports, which are comprised of more sources, interviews and expert outlooks to support the stories. On the opposite end of the gamut you'll find alternative media. This type of media ends to voice alternative Ideals, opinions, values and viewpoints In comparison to those expressed through mainstream media. Alternative media Is known to be confronting in content, attitude and tone. It is typically smalle r-scale, independent and not-for-profit.Characteristically, alternative media endeavors to authenticate stories in such a manner as to open up perspectives that may not be touched upon in mainstream media. Alternative media outlets, Like mainstream media, can be accessed on the radio, online, and In newspapers and publications, as well as to a degree on television. Alternative media outlets tend to receive a smaller amount of funding and sponsorship, and more restrictive budgets than mainstream media outlets.Because of this, it is easier to come across alternative media sources online, due to the affordability of establishing and maintaining a website over a radio or television program. For these reasons, audiences are required to put forth greater effort into Scores of listeners, readers, and viewers do not trust mainstream media because they deem that certain stories or specifics are being overlooked or omitted. That is why alternative media outlets have smaller, yet faithful foll owings that yearn for a truly authentic viewpoint.These alternative outlets tend to have links to which to donate money and support the funding of the outlet. Alternative media outlets are by no means looking to make a profit, but simply rely on their audience's support to stay active. Such donation links are not found in mainstream outlets because they are corporately financed. Alternative media does not cover as wide of a spectrum of subject matter as mainstream media. You will not usually find coverage of sports, entertainment, lassies, and such, which is understandable taking into consideration how many resources, are committed to such an array of areas.The topics usually addressed in alternative media, are delivered through short and concise paragraphs, which are not necessarily backed with interviews or expert testimony, and are all usually found on a single page. Skeptics tend to propose that mainstream media promotes the agenda of the government and its corporate allies to p rocure funding and sponsorship, while alternative media murmurs and mutters of corruption and conspiracy in hopes of lulling internet traffic.Taken as a whole, both mainstream and alternative medias provide us with our most basic and truly essential news and information. Mainstream media may have a wider audience attributable to all of the supplementary information they offer, but alternative media offers an alternate perspective that may have be overall missed. Our intake of news needs to mirror our intake of food. Everything must be accepted in moderation and must find a balance. People should ultimately access both mainstream and alternative media in order to stay knowledgeable and aware.

Spices

Spices can be defined as aromatic or acrid plant substances used to provide flavor, color and aroma to food (Mohamed, 2014). These spices are characterized by being rich in antioxidants and have some medicinal properties (Jeswal and Kumar, 2015; Kong et al., 2014). Spices are widely used throughout the world for many purposes, of which their used in food preparation and processing (Hashem and Alamri, 2010). Many of them are used as traditional medicines in many cases such as infections, wounds, sprains and nausea and some spices help to improve glucose of plasma by improving insulin sensitivity (Mohamed, 2014). Because of its medicinal properties, spices are used for pharmaceutical industries as raw materials (Toma and Abdullah, 2013).In addition, essential oils of spices or spices themselves have preservative action (Nielsen and Rios, 2000). Antimicrobial properties of some spices inhibit the fungal growth as reported for turmeric and sumac (Jeswal and Kumar, 2015; Toma and Abdullah, 2013), while essential oils and oleoresins of some spices shown to be high effectively against microbial growth. Essential oil of mustard is one of these oils, which includes the active component allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). Other spices such as cinnamon, garlic and clove considered as potential inhibitors (Nielsen and Rios, 2000). while other spices such as red chili and dry ginger considered as liable substance for growth of many fungi (Jeswal and Kumar, 2013). Although red chili is in the second rank as the largest used spice worldwide after black pepper, contamination of red chili samples by AFs and OTA were repeatedly reported by many studies and Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and A. fumigates are the fungi contaminants that are repeatedly detected in the flake or powder samples of red chili. In ginger derivatives and samples, the mycotoxins that have been detected are AFs and OTA. Contamination of spices can be occurred in the field, when the spices undergo drying process or during storage (Kabak and Dobson, 2017).

Role of Cognition in Counseling

ROLE OF COGNITION IN COUNSELING TABLE OF CONTENT. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Cognitive therapy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Characteristics of cognitive-behavioral therapy†¦. 5 Virtual Reality Therapy†¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Rational Emotive Therapy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Transactional ANALYSIS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 conlusionâ⠂¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Role of cognition in counseling Introduction Cognitive therapy centers on the belief that our thoughts are influenced by how we feel.There are a number of different cognitive therapies, including Cognitive-Behavioral, Reality, Rational Emotive and Transactional Analysis. Each of these cognitive approaches to counseling can help a client through the counseling process, by providing further understanding of the way our thoughts are sometimes distorted. Cognitive therapy focuses on the present. This means that issues from the past that are influencing current thinking, are acknowledged but not concentrated on. Instead a counselor will work wi th the client on identifying what is causing distress in present thinking.What links these different forms of cognitive therapy is the way in which the counseling relationship, between a counselor and client, develops. Assertiveness exercises, role-playing and homework are also part of the supportive one-to-one sessions a client will have with a counselor. In this paper will review and analyze the role cognition in counseling. Cognitive therapy Studies have shown that cognitive therapy is an effective treatment for depression. It is comparable in effectiveness to antidepressants and interpersonal therapy or psychodynamic therapy.The combination of cognitive therapy and antidepressants has been shown to be effective in managing severe or chronic depression. Cognitive therapy has also proven beneficial to patients who have only a partial response to antidepressants. There is good evidence that cognitive therapy reduces relapse rates. In addition, some evidence has shown that cognitive therapy is effective in treating adolescent depression. Here are a number of the different cognitive therapies, including Cognitive-Behavioral, virtual Reality, Rational Emotive and Transactional Analysis. Cognitive-Behavioral TherapyThis cognitive approach to counseling is based on the belief that learning comes from personal experience. Counseling will focus on a client’s ability to accept behavior, clarify problems and difficulties and understand the reasoning behind the importance of setting goals. With the help of self management training, assertive exercises and role-playing the counselor can help a client work towards goals. Characteristics of cognitive-behavioral therapy Cognitive-behavioral therapy is based on the idea that our thoughts cause our feelings and behaviors, not external things, like people, situations, and vents. The benefit of this fact is that we can change the way we think to feel / act better even if the situation does not change. Cognitive-behavior al therapy is considered among the most rapid in terms of results obtained. The average number of sessions clients receive (across all types of problems and approaches to CBT) is only 16. Other forms of therapy, like psychoanalysis, can take years. What enables CBT to be briefer are its highly instructive nature and the fact that it makes use of homework assignments.CBT is time-limited in that we help clients understand at the very beginning of the therapy process that there will be a point when the formal therapy will end. The ending of the formal therapy is a decision made by the therapist and client. Therefore, CBT is not an open-ended, never-ending process. A sound therapeutic relationship is necessary for effective therapy, but not the focus. Some forms of therapy assume that the main reason people get better in therapy is because of the positive relationship between the therapist and client.Cognitive-behavioral therapists believe it is important to have a good, trusting relati onship, but that is not enough. CBT therapists believe that the clients change because they learn how to think differently and they act on that learning. Therefore, CBT therapists focus on teaching rational self-counseling skills. Cognitive-behavioral therapists seek to learn what their clients want out of life (their goals) and then help their clients achieve those goals. The therapist's role is to listen, teach, and encourage, while the client's roles is to express concerns, learn, and implement that learning.Not all approaches to CBT emphasize stoicism. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Rational Behavior Therapy, and Rational Living Therapy emphasize aspects of stoicism. Beck's Cognitive Therapy is not based on stoicism. Cognitive-behavioral therapy does not tell people how they should feel. However, most people seeking therapy do not want to feel they way they have been feeling. The approaches that emphasize stoicism teach the benefits of feeling, at worst, calm when confronted with undesirable situations. They also emphasize the fact that we have our undesirable situations whether we are upset about them or not.If we are upset about our problems, we have two problems — the problem, and our upset about it. Most people want to have the fewest number of problems possible. So when we learn how to more calmly accept a personal problem, not only do we feel better, but we usually put ourselves in a better position to make use of our intelligence, knowledge, energy, and resources to resolve the problem. Cognitive-behavioral therapists want to gain a very good understanding of their clients' concerns. That's why they often ask questions.They also encourage their clients to ask questions of themselves, like, â€Å"How do I really know that those people are laughing at me? † â€Å"Could they be laughing about something else? † Cognitive-behavioral therapists have a specific agenda for each session. Specific techniques / concepts are taught duri ng each session. CBT focuses on the client's goals. We do not tell our clients what their goals â€Å"should† be, or what they â€Å"should† tolerate. We are directive in the sense that we show our clients how to think and behave in ways to obtain what they want.Therefore, CBT therapists do not tell their clients what to do — rather, they teach their clients how to do. CBT is based on the scientifically supported assumption that most emotional and behavioral reactions are learned. Therefore, the goal of therapy is to help clients unlearn their unwanted reactions and to learn a new way of reacting. Therefore, CBT has nothing to do with â€Å"just talking†. People can â€Å"just talk† with anyone. The educational emphasis of CBT has an additional benefit — it leads to long term results. When people understand how and why they are doing well, they know what to do to continue doing well.A central aspect of rational thinking is that it is based o n fact. Often, we upset ourselves about things when, in fact, the situation isn't like we think it is. If we knew that, we would not waste our time upsetting ourselves. Therefore, the inductive method encourages us to look at our thoughts as being hypotheses or guesses that can be questioned and tested. If we find that our hypotheses are incorrect (because we have new information), then we can change our thinking to be in line with how the situation really is.If when you attempted to learn your multiplication tables you spent only one hour per week studying them, you might still be wondering what 5 X 5 equals. You very likely spent a great deal of time at home studying your multiplication tables, maybe with flashcards. The same is the case with psychotherapy. Goal achievement (if obtained) could take a very long time if all a person were only to think about the techniques and topics taught was for one hour per week. That's why CBT therapists assign reading assignments and encourage their clients to practice the techniques learned.Virtual Reality Therapy This form of therapeutic approach works well in treating fears and phobias. This is because virtual reality therapy (VRT) concentrates on accurately duplicating the distressing situations. Counselors, who use this form of cognitive approach, during counseling sessions, will recreate situations in order to expose the client to what triggers their fear. VRT also works well in treating anxiety disorders. Rational Emotive Therapy Rational Emotive Behavior therapy (REBT) centers on the belief that human beings have a tendency to develop irrational behavior and beliefs.These are the ‘musts’ and ‘shoulds’ that many people fill their lives with, and which influence thought and deed. REBT acknowledges that past and present conditions affect a person’s thinking and utilizes a framework so that the counselor can apply activating events that allow the client to identify beliefs and conseque nces. Transactional Analysis TA, as Transactional Analysis is also known, is based on the notion that our personality consists of three states of ego – parent, adult and child. During interaction with others one of our ego states will predominate, depending on the situation we find ourselves in.Certain types of behavior are associated with each of the ego roles, and using this form of cognitive approach to counseling allows the client to understand the different ego stages and how they interact with each other. conlusion In conclusion, Cognitive therapy (or cognitive behavioral therapy) helps the client to uncover and alter distortions of thought or perceptions which may be causing or prolonging psychological distress. However, there are key principles that aim counselors with the best tools to provide the kind of supportive guidance that is conducive to creating a positive counseling outcome for their clients.References David, Daniel. , Szentagotal, A. , Eva, K. , & Macavei, B. (2005). A synopsis of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT): Fundamental and applied research. Journal of Rational &Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Josefowitz, N. , & Myran, D. (2005). Towards a person-centered cognitive behavior therapy. Counseling Psychology Quarterly Retrieved January 20, 2006, fromAcademic Search Premier. Kirschenbaum, H. (2004). Carl Rogers’s life and work: An assessment on the 100

BreadTalk Group Limited Essay

The BreadTalk Group Limited has rapidly globalized into 16 countries such as Singapore, China, Hong Kong, South Korea and the Middle East(http://www. breadtalk. com/ourbrand-bt. html Our Presence,2012). It is well known for its bakery, restaurant and food atrium, and this compromises of BreadTalk, Toast Box, The Icing Room, Din Tai Fung, RamenPlay, Carl’s Jr China, and Food Republic. Being founded in 2000, the young company has achieved numerous awards which includes the Singapore Prestige Brand Award in 2011(http://www. breadtalk. com/brand-accolades. tml Brand Accolades, 2012). The Group has a global network of over 400 bakery outlets, with a strength of more than 6000 employees, as well as operating 11 Michelin Star Din Tai Fung restaurants in Singapore and Thailand, and over 30 award winning Food Republic food atriums in Singapore, PRC, Hong Kong and Malaysia. The household brand is founded by the Chairman George Quek Meng Tong, who was appointed to the board in 2003, and re-elected in 2010. Being very experience in food and beverage industry since 1982(http://www. breadtalk. com/board-of-directors. tml, Chairman,2012), he started the bakery business with BreadTalk Private Limited and bought it to list on the Singapore Exchange Limited in 2003. The Group made an average revenue of $333, 000, 000 and a profit of $11, 450, 000 between 2010 and 2011. With an available financial asset of $911, 000 at the end of 2011, the BreadTalk Group has a promising future, with the addition of rapid growth of franchising network in Asia Pacific region (http://www. breadtalk. com/franchising. html, our presence, 2012). Today, organizations and firms have to keep changing and adapting to the global shift (R .  Gomez-Mejia, 2012, page 56) to stay competitive in the industry. And this is because the general environment is always moving, and these dimensions – Demographic, economic, political or legal, sociocultural, technological and global – always influences the industry and firms. These segments are uncontrollable and thus, in order to stay competitive, the BreadTalk Group gathers information required to understand each segments and plan a strategy that can be implemented to tackle environmental changes like demographics in China, global consumer preference, threat of new entrant, nd management across cultures. In recent years, firms are venturing into China’s market due to its huge population of least 6. 8 billion (Worldbank, 2012) , and is seen as a driver of growth for BreadTalk Group. In Boston Consulting Group’s Growth-Share Matrix (R. Gomez-Mejia,2012 page 235), BreadTalk Group is a â€Å"Star† that earnings is growingly stable and high, with cash flow that is not negative. And thus, is to invest and grow. By purchasing an existing presence in China, Food Republic, BreadTalk was able to reap benefits from low setup cost, as well as to observe the consumers’ behaviors in China. Up to date, BreadTalk has already spread into 32 cities of China, and outnumbers Singapore with 20 food courts, 3 Carl’s Jr fast food restaurants, 3 Ramen Play restaurants, and 184 Bakery outlets. The BreadTalk Group plans to grow aggressively in the market as â€Å"China currently accounts for about a third of BreadTalk’s revenue† (Themalaysian insider, 2010), and by establishing most of its presence in Beijing and Shanghai, BreadTalk has took advantage of the rising income which led to higher expenditure in consumers. Thus, the demographic environment of China, has boost BreadTalk Group’s revenue, as well as being a large market for it to expand, unlike in Singapore where brands are very saturated . The BreadTalk Group tackles global consumer tastes and preferences very well even though it changes as time goes by. It has a very strong branding and has a very standardized layout. For example, each BreadTalk is designed with the same clear glass concept, and â€Å"see through† kitchens which conveys their bakery as fresh and artistic while Food Republic holds a more nostalgic style of a Chinese village and Toast Box is designed with a more warm atmosphere of local Nanyang coffee shops in the 60s and 70s(http://www. breadtalk. com/ourbrand-tb. html, our brands 2012). Thus, by standardizing the layouts of the brands in BreadTalk Group, the Group has saved cost on the tedious process of customizing to local conditions as well as creating a strong brand through its unique layouts. Although the BreadTalk Group holds a very strong branding, the barriers to entry to food and beverage industry is very low. And thus, the threat of new entrants is very high as they can threaten the market share. Likewise in BreadTalk, existing competitors such as Bengawan Solo, Crystal Jade My Bread, Imperial Kitchen, as well as many neighborhood bakery stores that are located all over the countries, shows a threat to BreadTalk as they are sharing the same market of consumers. Being a big company, BreadTalk faces risk of new entrants as new comer can learn from existing companies and create a similar or even a better concept. With an extra competitor, unless the demand for BreadTalk bakery increases, the revenue will fall. Thus, it is very important for BreadTalk Group to keep innovating and moving to survive against many competitors. Lastly, the management across cultures is also an environmental factor that affects BreadTalk Group as it shapes the consumers’ preferences and tastes. For example, the highest selling bun in BreadTalk is the â€Å"Pork Floss Bun†( http://www. breadtalk. com/franchising. html,more bread business, 2012), however in Malaysia, the Muslim law does not allow Malays to consume pork, and thus, it is taken out of the choices. BreadTalk also follow themes and trends in countries, like creating the Obunma bun during Obama’s elections, and the â€Å"Peace Panda Buns† after the Sichuan earthquake in 2008, to raise social awareness to donate and help the affected people in the earthquake. Through connecting to cultures of different country, the BreadTalk Group not only holds a social responsible frontier, it also caters to the taste and preferences of different cultures and thus, able to attract many consumers. Besides the above factors, economic and cultural environment affects the business in BreadTalk Group as well. BreadTalk Group is now facing the rising of labor cost and inflation in China, and these are unpredictable to how much it will affect the profits. With the cost of goods sold attributing to nearly 30% of sales(http://breadtalk. istedcompany. com/financials. html, financials 2012), an inflation will cause an increase in the cost of goods sold nearer to its gross margins. Likewise in China, the government has gradually increased wages and might continue to do so. And this will increase the expenses of BreadTalk Group, leading to a decrease in the profits. Although some companies could retrench, but BreadTalk Group needs the human capital and thus, could only adjust its raw materials cost by buying forward, and negotiating contracts in bulk and then purchase at the best price available. By doing so, the cost of sales would be reduced and the Group will be more efficient. The BreadTalk Group holds a low power distance, goals achieving culture, and uses a justice approach. For example, BreadTalk strives to have high and consistent standards of products to their customers. Employees will under-go hands on training on various outlets to make sure that they have a formal entrance to the organization and thus, would not face a cultural shock(R. Gomez-Mejia, 2012 page 66). BreadTalk also emphasizes on team-building by organizing team building trips and activities for its employees. By doing so, employees will interact and understand each other, as well as building bonds that enhances teamwork, boosting effectiveness of the team. In BreadTalk, employees are also encourages to think uniquely and are treated fairly, and thus, managers are required to develop a service culture and all these are to achieve an increase customer’s loyalty. Planning is essential for a company and this is one of the four management functions. Through planning, BreadTalk is able to make action plans on how to expand further into China, as well as allocating its resources to different regions. Through the experience of Food Republic in PRC, BreadTalk was able to capture consumer trends and thus, making use of the core competencies of knowing how to make bakery that attracts PRC nations. Planning is beneficial to BreadTalk as it can excess the external forces as mentioned above, as well as develop a sense of direction and purpose of â€Å"innovation† in both managers and employees. One method of planning is the â€Å"SWOT† analysis, which allows BreadTalk to see its strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats. However, planning has to be continuous and capable of adapting to change. And this can be seen in BreadTalk taking a major internal review of paving a future growth, by dividing into 3 divisions – Bakery, Food Atrium, and Restaurants, and inviting 3 new CEOs(http://www. breadtalk. com/message-shareholder. html, consolidating long term growth, 2012) to handle each division. With such willingness to change, the senior management would function more effectively. Forward planning can also be seen in the upcoming headquarters of BreadTalk Group in Paya Lebar Singapore, which will involve all its brands, logistics, training center, departments, and a common ground for staff all over the world to gather at. BreadTalk Group holds a geographical organization which allows the Group to focus on customer needs that may vary by geographic region of Asean region and China region. And then its further diversify into Bakery, Food Atrium and Restaurants. Through this method, the senior management bench will be deepened, and thus, it can strengthen the strategic focus of BreadTalk Group and allow it to execute plans more effectively. All brands under each segment will be managed in totality. This also provides the platform for each brand to be specially positioned based on its unique brand strategy and especially in view of expansion into the region. One of the strategy that BreadTalk Group holds is sharing the set up cost. This can be seen in NEX Serangoon Singapore, whereby a few brands are set up together in a high human traffic area. Thus, competitors can be minimized, as well as saving cost by renting locations in â€Å"bulk†.

The Hunger Game by Suzanne Collins Essay Example for Free

†The Hunger Game† by Suzanne Collins Essay The novel The Hunger Games written by Suzanne Collins. This novel talks about 12 districts that are controlled by the Capitol and the Capitol created The Hunger Games to remind people of the districts about dark day. In the novel, the most prevalent tones are sadness and anger. The Capitol provides 12 districts a dark life, and it also sets a cruel game for the people. All the time, tributes are forced to do something that they do not want to do. Capitol provides 12 districts a dark life. First of all , there is not enough food to feed people, so they have to hunt in the woods, but this is not allowed for anyone. For example, â€Å"Most of the peacekeepers turn a blind eye to the few of us who hunt because they are as hungry for fresh meat as any body is.† ï ¼Ë†P5 Collinsï ¼â€°As the leader of 12 districts, of course the Capitol should provide them a good life, but in fact they are just thinking about themself and do not give their citizens enough food . To support citizens’ life ,these people aret forced to do some things that are not allowed. So people will be happy with a comfortable lifeï ¼Å'and If the life for them is struggleï ¼Å'then that would be very sad. Secondlyï ¼Å'there is a lot of cruel rules for people. For instanceï ¼Å'â€Å"My father could have made good money selling themï ¼Å'but if the officials found out he would have been publicly executed for inciting rebellion.†Ã¯ ¼Ë†P5 Collinsï ¼â€°People need weapons to protect themself in such a dangerous districts. However it is not allowed. the Capitol should not kill people who owns weaponsï ¼Å'because that person may have not done anything. So the rule that weapons are not allowed is so sad for the citizens of Panem. Finally, There is not enough electricity for people,â€Å" But since we are lucky to get two or there hours of electricity in the evening.†(P4-5 Collins) Electricity is very important for living, but the Capitol just gives a few hours of electricity to their citizens, this may bring about bad effect to people’s life. So a life without electricity would be very sad. In conclusion, the life that capitol gives to 12 districts is dark and sad. Th e Capitol created a cruel game to make tributes from 12 districts kill each other. First of all, The Hunger Games breaks many warm families. In detail, each year, there will be two young children chosen from  each district, and at the end, there will be just one tribute left, and other will have died. A child is very important to a family ,but in the game , they are just entertainment tools. At the end of the Games most families of these tributes will lose their child. So the game is so cruel to citizens. In addition, in this game, the tributes’ life are meaninglessï ¼Å'this game is just to make the people merry in the Capitol. As proof, people in the Capitol do not mind tributes die or not, they just enjoy this game , and the Capitol wants make more fun from this game. A life for person is priceless, but capitol just make tributes kill each other. In The Hunger Game ,these tributes are just tools that make the audience happyï ¼Å' so they are being ignored. This is so cruel to the people. Finally, in the Games,the gamemakers give the tributes hope that t wo tributes from the same district would both be the winner,but the Capitol destroyed it at the end. More exactly, â€Å"Under the new ruleï ¼Å'both form the same district will be declared winners if they are the last two alive , Greeting to the contestants of the Seventy-fourth Hunger Games. The earlier revision has been revoked. Closer examination of the rule book has disclosed that only one winner may be allowed.† (P342 Collins) Two people from same district might have mutual feelings with each otherï ¼Å'so the new rule for them is pretty goodï ¼Å'this is a good hope for themï ¼Å'and they can be a team,but at the end, the another new rule is asking two persons that have already formed an alliance kill each otherï ¼Å'that is so cruel for these two people. So what the gamemakers did would make tributes so angry. In conclusionï ¼Å'the rules that the Capitol gives to tributes are so cruel. All the timeï ¼Å'the tributes are forced to do something that they don’t want to do. First of all, Katniss was asked to fall in love with Peeta. In detail, Haymitch wants Katniss and Peeta to get more help from the audience, so he asked Katniss and Peeta to fall in love with each other. Katniss knows that other tributes will be her enemy in the game, include Peeta. So she tries to be far away from Peeta, bu t she just wants to get some help in the game, Haymitch asks her to fall in love with her enemy, and Katniss is so angry about this. Secondly, in the Games, Katniss wants to keep away from the other tributes, but to make more fun, the gamemakers make more danger to try to put all tributes together. For example, the gamemakers are afraid Katniss would not meet another tribute, so they don’t mind whether Katniss dies and they make a fire to change  Katniss’s direction. This game is making the tributes fight by their own and their fate is handed into their own hands, but the gamemakers interfere in the process of the Games. So the tributes are angry with what the gamemakers did . Finally, at the begin of game, what Katniss wants to do is get the weapon ,but she is asked to find water first before the Games started. â€Å"Just clear out ,put as much distance as you can between yourselves and the others, and find a source of water.†(P149 Collins) Katniss has her own thoughts, and she thinks she is good at hunting, so she needs a weapon, this is what she really wants to do at the beginning of the Games, but Haymitch asked her to do other things. This is not the way Katniss wants to do ,so Katniss is so angry about Haymitch’s advice. In conclusion, the tr ibutes always were asked to do what they don’t want to do, this is so sad and creates anger in them. In summery, the Capitol provides 12 districts a dark life ,also creates a cruel game for citizens . All the time , the tributes are forced to do some things that they do not want to do. So The Hunger Games make people of 12 districts and tributes sad and angry. Work Cited Collins, Suzanne. Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic, Inc., 2008. Print †The Hunger Game† by Suzanne Collins. (2016, May 10).

The Profession Of A Medical Assistant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Profession Of A Medical Assistant - Essay Example Research shows that the virus kills approximately 20,000 people yearly and developing its vaccine to full functionality will be a milestone in the medical fraternity. 3. If you could practice medicine anywhere in the world, where would it be and why? I would like to work with underprivileged communities here in the states. It has become a burden for me to offer my service to people and families who have been sidelined by the society yet they equally need the healthcare services like anyone else does. It has become a concern to me, that an almost all medical practitioners want to practice in big towns and cities and in hospitals that are fully furnished with all medical equipment they require leaving out the option of marginalized areas with largely inadequate practitioners. For this reason, I am committed to giving service to the underserved communities at hospitals or doctor’s office where I will specialize in either primary care of cardiology work and be part of the solution towards addressing the health worker shortage in such underserved communities as well as provide affordable and accessible healthcare services. 4. Thinking of yourself, what is the best patient experience you’ve had and why? What is the worst patient experience you’ve had and why? The best patient experience that I have had is when as a medical assistant; I managed to attend to my client from vastly different social backgrounds from mine and was able to blend well with them despite the disparities in culture, values, and language.